ABSTRACT
Objective ToexploretheMRIfeaturesanddifferentialdiagnosisofgemistocyticastrocytoma(GemA).Methods The MRIfeaturesof10casesofGemAprovedbysurgeryandpathologywereinvestigatedretrospectively(thelocationoftumor,tumor shape,boundary,signalandenhancement)andtheliteraturewasreviewed.Results All10casesofGemA weresupratentorialand solitary.Ofthese10cases,7caseswerelocatedinthefrontallobe,5casesinthetemporallobe,6casesinmultiplelobesandinvaded theoppositebraintissuesthroughcorpuscallosum.8casesweresolidGcystic,8casespresentedwithunclearboundary,only2cases hadclearboundary.Therewasnoedemaormildedemain7casesandobviousedemain3cases.Thesolidpartoftumorswereisointense orslighthypointenseonT1WI,only1caseshowedhighintensityonT1WI,isointenseorslighthyperintenseonT2WI.CTsuggested calcificationin2cases.6casesweremildlyenhanced,4casesweremarkedlyenhanced.MRSshowed(n＝4)thatCHopeakwasmildly ormoderatelyincreased,NAApeakwassignificantlyreduced,theaverageratioofCho/NAA was2.91.DWIshowedhyperintenseor slighthyperintense(n＝3),theADCaveragevalueoftumorROIwasabout(1.150±0.081)×10－3 mm2/s.1caseofSWIsequence showedthickeningandcircuitousvascularshadow.Conclusion AsMRIofGemAischaracterizedbyhighandlowgradegliomas,the preoperativediagnosisisdifficult.Combiningenhancementwithfunctionalexamination,itisexpectedtoimprovetheaccuracyofpreoperative diagnosisofGemA.
ABSTRACT
Resumen El astrocitoma con diferenciación gemistocítica es una variante histológica de los astrocitomas difusos que se caracteriza por presentar tendencia a una rápida progresión hacia la malignidad, y a pesar de ser clasificado según la Organización Mundial de la Salud como un glioma grado II, presenta pobre pronóstico a corto plazo. La presentación clínica más común de este tipo de tumores son los síndromes convulsivos y los déficits focales propios de la localización, mientras que el síndrome de hipertensión endocraneana es poco común. Como primera manifestación se encuentra irritación meníngea más aún en ausencia de infección del sistema nervioso central. Se reporta el caso de un paciente que ingresó a servicio de urgencias con irritación meníngea, a quien finalmente se le diagnostica astrocitoma gemistocitico intraventricular.
Abstract An astrocytoma with gemistocytic differentiation is a histological variant of diffuse astrocytomas, characterised by a tendency towards a rapid progression to malignancy. Despite being classified as a grade II glioma according to the World Health Organisation, it has poor short-term prognosis. The most common clinical presentation of these types of tumours are, convulsive syndrome, focal deficits secondary to the location of the tumour, and / or intracranial hypertension syndrome. It is uncommon to find meningeal irritation as a first manifestation, and even more, in the absence of infection of the central nervous system. The case is presented on a patient, who was admitted to the Emergency Department with signs of meningeal irritation. A diagnosis of intraventricular gemistocytic astrocytoma was finally made.